Removing a strangler fig from an established garden tree is absolutely worth doing — the sooner the better. Strangler figs (Ficus species) wrap their aerial roots around a host tree, gradually girdling the trunk and competing for water and nutrients. Caught early, you can remove the fig yourself; left too long, the host tree may be severely weakened or killed, and professional help becomes essential.
Understanding How Strangler Figs Work
Strangler figs typically begin life as a seed deposited in the canopy by birds or possums. The seedling sends roots downward along the host trunk, eventually fusing into a lattice that encircles and compresses the host's vascular tissue. In New Zealand's warm, humid northern and coastal regions this process can accelerate quickly, particularly with species like Ficus microcarpa (Chinese banyan) or self-sown ornamental figs. Even in cooler parts of the country, established figs in sheltered gardens can cause serious damage over several years.
Assessing the Situation Before You Start
Before reaching for a saw, take stock of a few things:
- How established is the fig? If the fig's roots are finger-thin and the lattice is loose, DIY removal is realistic. If the roots are wrist-thick or have fused deeply into the host bark, you need a professional assessment.
- How healthy is the host tree? A tree that is already stressed, leaning, or showing crown dieback may be structurally compromised. Removing the fig could expose hidden decay.
- Is the host tree protected? Many councils in NZ have Notable or Scheduled Tree provisions in their district plans. Check with your local council before doing any significant pruning or root cutting — you may need resource consent.
- Is the fig itself protected? Some Ficus species are not invasive in your area, and local rules vary. Again, check with your council.
Tools and Safety Gear You Will Need
- Hand saw or pruning saw (for smaller roots)
- Loppers and sharp secateurs
- Gloves, safety glasses, and sturdy footwear
- Ladder (if working at height — see safety note below)
- Herbicide registered for woody weed control (optional, for stump treatment)
Safety note: Working at height in trees carries serious risk of falls and falling debris. WorkSafe NZ recommends that any work above 3 metres, or near power lines, should be carried out by a trained professional. If you need to climb or use a chainsaw at height, hire a qualified arborist.
Step-by-Step Removal Process
1. Cut the Fig at Ground Level First
Start by severing the fig's main stem(s) at ground level with a pruning saw. This immediately stops the plant from drawing nutrients upward and begins to kill the aerial root network. Make a clean cut as close to the soil as possible.
2. Treat the Stump
Apply a registered woody weed herbicide (such as a glyphosate-based or triclopyr product) to the freshly cut stump surface within 30 seconds of cutting, before the sap seals the wound. Follow the product label carefully — herbicide use near waterways is regulated in NZ under the Resource Management Act. If you are unsure, check with your regional council or a qualified arborist.
3. Remove the Aerial Roots from the Host Trunk
Work from the bottom upward, cutting each aerial root away from the host trunk with loppers or a hand saw. Do not tear or rip the roots away — this can strip bark from the host tree and create entry points for disease and fungal infection. Cut each root cleanly, leaving a short stub attached to the fig lattice rather than the host.
4. Carefully Peel Away the Root Lattice
Once the roots are severed, gently work the dead lattice away from the host bark. If sections are tightly fused, leave them in place — they will die and gradually loosen over the coming months. Forcing them off can cause more bark damage than leaving them.
5. Monitor and Follow Up
Strangler figs can reshoot vigorously from the root system. Check the stump and any remaining roots monthly and re-treat any new growth promptly with herbicide or by hand-pulling while shoots are small.
Caring for the Host Tree After Removal
Once the fig is gone, give your host tree some support to aid recovery:
- Avoid heavy pruning of the host immediately after fig removal — the tree is already stressed.
- Apply a balanced slow-release fertiliser around the drip line (not against the trunk) in spring.
- Mulch the root zone to retain moisture, keeping mulch away from the trunk base.
- Watch for signs of bark damage, fungal growth, or crown dieback over the following season.
If the host tree shows significant decline, consult a qualified arborist who can assess whether remedial pruning or other treatment is warranted.
When to Call a Professional
Call a qualified arborist if:
- The fig roots are thick, deeply fused, or the lattice extends high into the canopy
- The host tree is large, leaning, or shows signs of structural weakness
- Any work is required above 3 metres or near overhead power lines
- The host tree is a Notable or Scheduled Tree under your district plan
- You are unsure whether resource consent is required
- The tree is close to a building, fence, or other structure where falling debris is a risk
A qualified arborist will have the training, equipment, and insurance to handle complex removals safely. You can find experienced local arborists on tradedirectory.co.nz.
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