Spacing scaffold standards (the vertical poles) correctly is one of the most important steps in setting up a safe scaffold. Get it wrong and you risk the entire structure becoming unstable, which can lead to serious injury or death. As a general rule for typical tube-and-coupler or modular scaffolding on flat ground, standards are spaced no more than 1.8 m apart along the face (the 'lift' direction) and no more than 1.2–1.5 m out from the building (the 'bay width'), though these figures depend on the scaffold type, load class, and manufacturer's specifications.
Why Standard Spacing Matters
Standards carry the entire vertical load of the scaffold — the planks, workers, tools, and materials. If they are spaced too far apart, the ledgers (horizontal tubes) and transoms (cross tubes) spanning between them can deflect or fail. Incorrect spacing also affects the scaffold's resistance to lateral forces like wind, which is a real consideration in many parts of New Zealand.
WorkSafe NZ sets out the legal framework for scaffolding safety under the Health and Safety at Work Act 2015 and associated regulations. Scaffolding is classified as high-risk work in New Zealand, and there are strict rules about who can erect it.
Standard Spacing Guidelines for Flat Ground
The figures below are general guidance for common tube-and-coupler scaffolding. Always refer to your scaffold system's manufacturer specifications and the relevant NZ standard.
| Dimension | Typical Maximum | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Bay length (along face) | 1.8 m | May reduce for heavier loads |
| Bay width (out from building) | 1.2–1.5 m | Depends on board span and load class |
| Lift height (between ledgers) | 2.0 m | Varies with design |
| Base plate size | 150 × 150 mm min | Required on all standards |
These dimensions are informed by NZS 4576 (Guidelines for Scaffolding), which is the key New Zealand standard for scaffolding practice. You can find information on NZ standards through Standards NZ.
Setting Up on Flat Ground: Step-by-Step Principles
1. Assess the Ground Conditions
Even on apparently flat ground, the soil bearing capacity matters. Soft or recently disturbed ground can allow standards to sink unevenly. Use sole boards (timber planks, typically 225 × 38 mm or as specified) under each base plate to spread the load. Never place standards directly on bare soil without sole boards.
2. Position Base Plates and Sole Boards
Place a sole board, then a base plate (adjustable screw jack base), then the first standard. The screw jack allows you to level the scaffold even on slightly uneven ground — keep the screw extension to a minimum (generally no more than one-third of the thread exposed).
3. Mark Out Your Bay Spacings
Measure and mark the standard positions along the building face before you start. Consistent spacing is essential — irregular bays create uneven load distribution. Use a tape measure and chalk line to keep positions accurate.
4. Plumb Each Standard
Use a spirit level or plumb bob to ensure every standard is perfectly vertical before tightening couplers. Even a small lean compounds over multiple lifts and can make the scaffold dangerously unstable.
5. Install Ledgers and Transoms at Correct Centres
Ledgers (running parallel to the building) connect the standards at each lift height. Transoms (running perpendicular) support the scaffold boards. Transom spacing must suit the board thickness — for standard 38 mm scaffold boards, transoms are typically no more than 1.2 m apart to prevent excessive deflection.
6. Tie the Scaffold to the Building
For scaffolds over 4 m in height, ties to the building structure are generally required. Tie spacing and type depend on the scaffold design and wind exposure. This is a critical safety step — do not skip it.
Load Classes and How They Affect Spacing
Scaffolding is designed to different load classes (light duty, general purpose, heavy duty). The heavier the intended load, the closer the standards and transoms may need to be. If you plan to stack bricks, tiles, or other heavy materials on the scaffold, the spacing requirements change. Always confirm the load class with a qualified scaffolder or engineer.
BRANZ provides useful technical guidance on construction safety and building practices that can help homeowners understand what's involved.
Legal Requirements in New Zealand
In New Zealand, scaffolding over 5 m in height must be erected, altered, or dismantled by a person who holds a Scaffolding certificate of competence issued under the Health and Safety at Work (General Risk and Workplace Management) Regulations 2016. This is restricted work — it is illegal for an unlicensed person to erect scaffolding above this height on a worksite.
For scaffolding under 5 m, homeowners may erect it themselves for domestic DIY, but you are still legally responsible for ensuring it is safe. If you are unsure, the safest option is always to hire a professional.
Check WorkSafe NZ for the current rules around scaffolding licensing and high-risk work.
When to Call a Professional
You should always engage a licensed scaffolder when:
- The scaffold will exceed 5 m in height
- You are working on a commercial or multi-unit residential site
- The ground is uneven, sloped, or of uncertain bearing capacity
- The scaffold needs to support heavy loads (roofing materials, masonry, etc.)
- You need scaffolding near power lines (contact your lines company first)
- You are unsure about any aspect of the design or erection
A qualified scaffolder will assess your specific situation, select the right system, and ensure everything complies with NZ regulations. You can find licensed scaffolders in your area on tradedirectory.co.nz.
Safety Reminder
Scaffolding collapses are a leading cause of serious injury and death in the construction industry. Never take shortcuts with standard spacing, base support, or ties. If something doesn't look right, stop and get expert advice before proceeding.
