Building a basic outdoor fire pit is a satisfying weekend project that can transform your backyard into a cosy gathering spot. In New Zealand, it's very achievable as a DIY job — but before you light your first fire, you need to understand your local council's rules, fire season restrictions, and how to build safely. Here's everything you need to know.
Check Your Council Rules First
This is the most important step. Open fires and fire pits are regulated differently across NZ councils, and some urban areas have strict bylaws or outright bans on open burning. Contact your local council or check their website before you start building. Key things to ask about:
- Whether a building consent is required (most simple in-ground or freestanding fire pits are exempt under Schedule 1 of the Building Act, but always confirm with your council)
- Any smoke control zones in your area (common in Christchurch, Auckland, and other cities)
- Fire season restrictions — during dry summer months, open fires may be prohibited or require a permit from Fire and Emergency New Zealand (FENZ)
You can find general guidance on building consents and Schedule 1 exemptions at MBIE Building Performance.
Choosing the Right Location
Placement is critical for safety. Follow these guidelines:
- Position the fire pit at least 3 metres away from any structure, fence, overhanging trees, or combustible material
- Choose a flat, level area — avoid slopes where embers can roll
- Avoid areas directly above buried services (gas, water, electrical lines) — call Before U Dig (0800 248 344) to locate underground services before you dig
- Consider prevailing wind direction so smoke doesn't blow toward your home or neighbours
- Ensure the area is visible and accessible so you can manage the fire safely
Materials You'll Need
For a simple in-ground or raised fire pit, you'll need:
| Material | Notes |
|---|---|
| Fire bricks or heat-rated pavers | Standard clay bricks can crack under intense heat — use fire-rated options |
| Gravel or sand | For the base layer to aid drainage and insulation |
| Concrete blocks or retaining wall blocks | For the outer ring if building a raised pit |
| Shovel and level | For excavation and ensuring even courses |
| High-temperature mortar (optional) | For a permanent mortared build; not required for dry-stacked designs |
You'll find suitable materials at Bunnings, Mitre 10, or PlaceMakers. Always check product specifications — not all pavers or blocks are rated for high heat.
Step-by-Step: Building a Simple In-Ground Fire Pit
Step 1 — Mark and Excavate
Mark a circle roughly 900mm–1200mm in diameter. Dig down approximately 200–300mm. This size is manageable and safe for a backyard setting.
Step 2 — Lay the Base
Add a 100mm layer of gravel at the bottom for drainage. This prevents water pooling and helps air circulate under the fire.
Step 3 — Line the Walls
Stack fire bricks around the inside perimeter of the pit, working your way up to ground level or slightly above. Stagger the joints between courses for stability. For a dry-stack build, no mortar is needed — the bricks simply sit against the earth wall.
Step 4 — Finish the Surround
For a neat, safe edge, lay flat pavers or retaining wall blocks around the outer rim at ground level. This creates a clear boundary, prevents tripping, and stops grass from creeping in.
Step 5 — Test Before Your First Fire
Start with a small test fire to check for any cracking or instability. Let the materials cure slowly before building a full fire.
Raised Fire Pit Option
If you prefer not to dig, a raised fire pit built from retaining wall blocks or a purpose-made steel bowl is a popular alternative. Stack blocks in a circle 2–3 courses high, fill the base with gravel, and you're ready. Steel fire pit bowls are widely available at hardware stores and are a quick, portable option.
Fire Safety Essentials
Safety is non-negotiable. Always follow these practices:
- Keep a bucket of water or garden hose nearby at all times
- Never leave a fire unattended
- Only burn dry, untreated wood — never burn treated timber, rubbish, or plastics, which release toxic fumes
- Keep children and pets at a safe distance
- Fully extinguish the fire before going inside — douse with water and stir the ash
- Check WorkSafe NZ for general outdoor fire safety guidance
For fire season updates and permits, check with Fire and Emergency New Zealand (FENZ) at checkitsalright.nz.
When to Call a Professional
Most basic fire pit builds are well within DIY capability. However, consider hiring a qualified landscaper if:
- You want a permanent, mortared or rendered fire pit with a complex design
- Your site has drainage issues, sloping ground, or underground services nearby
- You're planning to incorporate gas burners — gas work is restricted work and must be carried out by a licensed gasfitter registered with the Plumbers Gasfitters & Drainlayers Board
- You want to add outdoor lighting around the fire pit — any fixed electrical wiring is restricted work requiring a registered electrician (see EWRB)
You can find experienced local landscapers on tradedirectory.co.nz who can help with design, compliance, and construction.
Licensed Building Practitioner (LBP)
